こんにちは、ジュン@jun3010meです。
今回は、さくらVPSでWordPressを高速に動かす環境、nginx+php-fpm+MySQLを手っ取り早く構築したいと思います。
nginxのインストール
[root@ ~]# yum install nginx Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.iij.ad.jp * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp * extras: ftp.iij.ad.jp * updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nginx.x86_64 0:1.0.15-5.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.18)(64bit) for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.11)(64bit) for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: gd for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: GeoIP for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1()(64bit) for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libexslt.so.0()(64bit) for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libGeoIP.so.1()(64bit) for package: nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.4.8-1.el6 will be installed ---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-11.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64 ---> Package libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.26-2.el6_3.1 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.10-2.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================= Installing: nginx x86_64 1.0.15-5.el6 epel 397 k Installing for dependencies: GeoIP x86_64 1.4.8-1.el6 epel 620 k gd x86_64 2.0.35-11.el6 base 142 k libXpm x86_64 3.5.10-2.el6 base 51 k libxslt x86_64 1.1.26-2.el6_3.1 base 452 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================= Install 5 Package(s) Total download size: 1.6 M Installed size: 5.3 M Is this ok [y/N]: 「y」を入力してEnterを押す
Downloading Packages: (1/5): GeoIP-1.4.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 620 kB 00:02 (2/5): gd-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm | 142 kB 00:00 (3/5): libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 51 kB 00:00 (4/5): libxslt-1.1.26-2.el6_3.1.x86_64.rpm | 452 kB 00:01 (5/5): nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64.rpm | 397 kB 00:01 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 219 kB/s | 1.6 MB 00:07 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 Importing GPG key 0x0608B895: Userid : EPEL (6) Package: epel-release-6-8.noarch (@epel/6.5) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 Is this ok [y/N]: 「y」を入力してEnterを押す
Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : GeoIP-1.4.8-1.el6.x86_64 1/5 Installing : libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64 2/5 Installing : gd-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64 3/5 Installing : libxslt-1.1.26-2.el6_3.1.x86_64 4/5 Installing : nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 5/5 Verifying : libxslt-1.1.26-2.el6_3.1.x86_64 1/5 Verifying : libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64 2/5 Verifying : GeoIP-1.4.8-1.el6.x86_64 3/5 Verifying : nginx-1.0.15-5.el6.x86_64 4/5 Verifying : gd-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64 5/5 Installed: nginx.x86_64 0:1.0.15-5.el6 Dependency Installed: GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.4.8-1.el6 gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-11.el6 libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.10-2.el6 libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.26-2.el6_3.1 Complete! [root@ ~]#
php関連をインストールする
[root@ ~]# yum install php-cli php-mbstring php-mysql php-fpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.iij.ad.jp * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp * extras: ftp.iij.ad.jp * updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-cli.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 5.3.3-27.el6_5 for package: php-cli-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 ---> Package php-fpm.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 will be installed ---> Package php-mbstring.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 will be installed ---> Package php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: php-pdo(x86-64) for package: php-mysql-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-common.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 will be installed ---> Package php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================= Installing: php-cli x86_64 5.3.3-27.el6_5 updates 2.2 M php-fpm x86_64 5.3.3-27.el6_5 updates 1.1 M php-mbstring x86_64 5.3.3-27.el6_5 updates 455 k php-mysql x86_64 5.3.3-27.el6_5 updates 81 k Installing for dependencies: php-common x86_64 5.3.3-27.el6_5 updates 525 k php-pdo x86_64 5.3.3-27.el6_5 updates 75 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================= Install 6 Package(s) Total download size: 4.4 M Installed size: 15 M Is this ok [y/N]: 「y」を入力してEnterを押す Downloading Packages: (1/6): php-cli-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:09 (2/6): php-common-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 525 kB 00:02 (3/6): php-fpm-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 1.1 MB 00:05 (4/6): php-mbstring-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 455 kB 00:02 (5/6): php-mysql-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 81 kB 00:00 (6/6): php-pdo-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | 75 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 224 kB/s | 4.4 MB 00:20 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : php-common-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 1/6 Installing : php-pdo-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 2/6 Installing : php-mysql-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 3/6 Installing : php-cli-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 4/6 Installing : php-mbstring-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 5/6 Installing : php-fpm-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : php-pdo-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : php-cli-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : php-common-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : php-mbstring-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : php-mysql-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : php-fpm-5.3.3-27.el6_5.x86_64 6/6 Installed: php-cli.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 php-fpm.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 php-mbstring.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 Dependency Installed: php-common.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5 Complete! [root@ ~]#
MySQLをインストールする
[root@ ~]# yum install mysql-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.iij.ad.jp * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp * extras: ftp.iij.ad.jp * updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.71-1.el6 for package: mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed ---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================= Installing: mysql-server x86_64 5.1.71-1.el6 base 8.6 M Installing for dependencies: mysql x86_64 5.1.71-1.el6 base 893 k perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.013-3.el6 base 134 k perl-DBI x86_64 1.609-4.el6 base 705 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================= Install 4 Package(s) Total download size: 10 M Installed size: 29 M Is this ok [y/N]: 「y」を入力してEnterを押す Downloading Packages: (1/4): mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 893 kB 00:03 (2/4): mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 8.6 MB 00:40 (3/4): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm | 134 kB 00:00 (4/4): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 705 kB 00:03 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 220 kB/s | 10 MB 00:47 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64 1/4 Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 2/4 Installing : mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 3/4 Installing : mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64 4/4 Installed: mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 Dependency Installed: mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 Complete!
設定ファイルを編集する
これより、nginxとphp-fpmの設定ファイルを編集します。
僕は元々、Apacheで環境を構築してきたので、
WordPressのドキュメントルートは「/var/www/wordpress」に設定しました。
これはその為の作業メモとして考えてください。
nginxの設定ファイルの編集
[root@]# mkdir /var/www/ ←ディレクトリの作成
[root@]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
location / {
root /var/www/wordpress; index index.php;
}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ { root /var/www/wordpress; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/wordpress$fastcgi_script_name; ←特にここに注意！
include fastcgi_params; }
# deny all;
#}
gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_types
text/plain
text/xml
text/css
application/xml
application/xhtml+xml
application/rss+xml
application/atom_xml
application/javascript
application/x-javascript
application/x-httpd-php;
gzip_disable "MSIE[1-6]\.";
gzip_disable "Mozilla/4";
gzip_comp_level 1;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_min_length 1100;最後の「}」の手前にここまで追記する
}
php-fpmの設定ファイルの編集
[root@]# vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf ; RPM: apache Choosed to be able to access some dir as httpd user = nginx ; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir. group = nginx
ユーザとグループを「nginx」に変更します。
nginxとphp-fpmを起動する
[root@]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx start Starting nginx: [ OK ] [root@]# chkconfig nginx on [root@]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm start Starting php-fpm: [ OK ] [root@]# chkconfig php-fpm on
php.iniを編集する
[root@]# vi /etc/php.ini ; This directive determines whether or not PHP will recognize code between ; tags as PHP source which should be processed as such. It's been ; recommended for several years that you not use the short tag "short cut" and ; instead to use the full tag combination. With the wide spread use ; of XML and use of these tags by other languages, the server can become easily ; confused and end up parsing the wrong code in the wrong context. But because ; this short cut has been a feature for such a long time, it's currently still ; supported for backwards compatibility, but we recommend you don't use them. ; Default Value: On ; Development Value: Off ; Production Value: Off ; http://www.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.short-open-tag short_open_tag = On←「Off」から「On」に変更する
MySQLの設定ファイルを編集する
[root@]# vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 character-set-server = utf8←ここを追加する [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h sakura.ne.jp password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
[ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
[root@]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] 「y」を入力してEnterを押す
New password: ←パスワードを決めて入力する
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Enterを押す
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Enterを押す
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Enterを押す
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Enterを押す
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
phpinfoを作成する
[root@]# vi /var/www/wordpress/index.php <?
phpinfo();
?>
実際にアクセスしてみる
ブラウザにて、「http://サーバのIPアドレス」にアクセスしてみると、設定がうまくいけばphpinfoが表示されると思います。
ここまで来れば、WordPressを動かせると思います(｀･ω･´)ゞ
まとめ
今回は、nginxとphp-fpmとMySQLをインストールし、とりあえず動くように設定しました。
次回はWordPressの設定を踏まえて更新したいと思います(｀･ω･´)ゞ